Design, Installation And Testing Of Solar Power System

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Design, Installation And Testing Of Solar Power System PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS

ABSTRACT

The solar power generating system is a system which absorbs sunlight and converts it to electricity that we can use. Every second, the sun sends out 42 trillion kilocalories of energy to the earth, which when converted could create one year’s worth of power for the entire planet in a single hour. Solar energy is the most powerful of all renewable energy resources. The solar power generating system involving four (4) quantities of 130W PV panels, twenty-four (24) number of 2V 600AH batteries, 6.25KVA inverter, 48V charger controller, battery rack, connecting bars, etc, were successfully installed in the Mechanical Departmental Block A. a test-run was also carried out after the installations, which successfully supplied light (power) to the entire building, its classes, Auto-Cad studio, and offices. A conducive evening class and other administrative work/activities are now assured. 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     Introduction

1.1     Background of the Study

1.2     Statement of the Problem

1.3     Aim and objectives of the Project

1.4     Significance of the Project

1.5     Methodology

1.5.1  Solar Panel

1.5.2  Battery

1.5.3  Charge Controller

1.5.4  Inverter

1.6     Scope of the project

1.7     Limitations of the Project

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Literature Review

2.1     The Basics of Solar Power System

2 .2    Principle of Solar Panel

2.2.1  Estimating solar panel output

2.2.2  Standard test conditions

2.2.3  Temperature

2.2.4 Dirt and Dust

2.2.5 Mismatch and Wiring losses

2.3     Solar Charge Controller

2.4     Inverter

2.4.1  Inverter Sizing

2.4.2 DC to AC Conversion Losses

2.5     Solar Battery

2.5.1  Temperature effect

2.5.2  Battery voltage

2.5.3 Battery power conversion efficiency

2.5.4 Battery Monitoring and Maintenance

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Methodology

3.1     Data Analysis

3.2     Data Collection

3.3     Exploratory Data Analysis

3.4     Modeling and Algorithms

3.5     Techniques for Analyzing Data

3.6     Result Analysis

3.7     Electrical Appliance Usage

3.8     Determination of Power Consumption Demand

3.9     Sizing of the Solar PV Panel

3.10   Sizing of the Deep Cycle Batteries

3.11   Sizing of Charge Controller

3.12     Sizing of Inverter

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     Construction and Packaging

4.1     Construction

4.2     Packaging

4.3     Installation of Solar Panel

4.4     Installation of Charge Controller

4.5     Installation of Racks and Batteries

4.6     Installation of Inverter Power Generator

4.7     Load Evaluation and Power Consumption

4.8     Results and Discussion

4.9       Cost Analysis

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0     Equipment Testing and Result

5.1     Testing

5.2     Performances for the Photovoltaic Panels

5.3     Result

5.4     Discussion

5.5     Maintenance

CHAPTER SIX

Conclusion and Recommendation

6.1     Conclusion

6.2     Recommendations

References

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

Solar power is produced by collecting sunlight and converting it to electricity. This is done by using solar panels, which are large flat panels  made up of many individual solar cells. It is most often used in remote locations, although it is becoming more popular in urban areas as well.

As a result of power failure in Nigeria, there is a need for solar electricity; therefore a provision of solar power system was made at the Mechanical Engineering Department.

The project involved design, installation and testing of solar power system to power the lightning points of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the event of power failure by PHCN.

1.1     Background of the Study

As a result of technological and scientific advancement which have brought about improvement in many areas such as security, business, health and information etc people have been able to discover more and judicious use of natural resources around them.

For the past centuries people only used radiation from sun for preservation of meat, food and drying of fruits but technological advancement brought about many research so as to ease life.

There was a global energy crisis in early 1970’s where the budget of most of the countries involved was being expended on conventional energy, this constituted a great advancement to economic growth and social development.  The research for renewable sources of alternative energy becomes the centers for attention (Bashiru, 2014).

In twentieth century, Nigeria has witnessed a tremendous changes and increase in electricity power failure and generation inefficiency.  This has led to the discovery of so many methods of power generation such as wind power generation and so on.  The modern power generation involves the use of modern and reliable parts and equipments such as solar panel, change-controller, batteries and inverter etc which make it more convenient to generate electric power (Bashiru, 2014).

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Solar system come in place due to irregularities and failure in power sector and most of the equipments we are using depends on electricity. Therefore, alternative means of power source like solar generating system have to be put into considerations to minimize the rate of power outage in the Mechanical Engineering Department Block ‘A’ which comprises of offices, lecture rooms and Auto CAD/Drawing studios.

1.3 Aim and objectives of the Project

The main aim of this project is to design, construct and test a solar power system in order to provide backup during power failure by PHCN.

Objectives:

1. To generate electricity using solar energy to power the department of Mechanical Engineering and HND classes.
2. To provide backup at the event of power failure in order to make the environment conducive for learning without generating a noise (generator).
3. To minimize global warming

1.4 Significance of the Project

1. The project is to provide an alternative source of power as a backup to the department of Mechanical Engineering and HND classes in the absence of power supply (PHCN).

2. Another key aspect of using this project is that it has a massive financial benefit; they can generally be seen in the reduction of  utility bill.
3. It makes the environment to be conducive for learning.
4. It saves the planet from carbon emission (pollution free).

1.5 Methodology

The methodology involved in realizing this project is briefly explained with the aid of diagram shown below:

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