The development of a proper managed sims for academic institution

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

         1.1     Introduction

Student information Management System (SIMS) is designed to help colleges in management of student records. Extensive information is available at your fingertips through this System. Viewing student data, managing admission, managing seats, semester, managing examination, block allocation, subject management, scheduling exam, result and related issues are made simple and easy. There are custom search capabilities to aid in finding student information and working on student records. This can make the system easier to navigate and to maximize time and other resources effectively. SIMS allows the keeping of personnel data in a form that can be easily accessed and analyzed in a consistent way. The SIMS module is a component covering many other student aspects from application to graduation. The system records basic personal information, admission information, and student academic performance. Leading edge systems provide the ability to “read” applications and enter relevant data to applicable database fields, notify student and provide result. Student management function involves

1. Manage new admission and enrolment
2. Manage Fees Structure

iii.    Registration number generation

1. Fees payment
2. student Basic Information
3. Manage faculty

vii.   Manage course

viii.    Manage semester and year

1. admission seat management
2. Exam scheduling
3. Result management

In SIMS, every user has a Login ID and Password. Also all the users have different permission rights to access the applications. These rights are Dynamic and can be changed. There are three main roles in the system. Admin, accountant and operator. Admin has complete access to the whole system, while accountant is only concerned with payment of fees for the admission of the student. Operator (lecturer/student) is responsible for the use of the system.

1.2     Background of the Study

The idea to start a Technical Institution in Northern Nigeria started as far back as 1951, which resulted into the establishment of Kaduna Technical Institute in 1956. The establishment of Technical Institute, Kaduna was as a result of the acceptance by the British Government on the recommendation of the Higher Education Commission, which suggested the upgrading of Yaba Higher College to Technical Institute and proposed Technical Institutes in Kaduna and Enugu.

The Northern Nigeria Executive Council at its meeting of 17th August, 1962, Conclusion No.1, re-designated the Technical Institute, Kaduna as the Polytechnic, Kaduna. It became Kaduna Polytechnic in 1968 by the Federal Government Decree No. 20 of 1968, which was revised in 1979 by Decree .No. 79. In 1991, the institution was taken over by the Federal Government under Decree No. 40 of the same year.

The institution was established with the objective of providing diverse instruction, training and research in technology, the sciences, commerce, the humanities and programmers’ of in-service instruction for members of the public service in Nigeria. In 1968, it amalgamated two training centre’s, namely; the College of Science and Technology and Staff Development Centre, with Survey Unit joining later. These formed the nucleus of its four- college structure then.

Kaduna Polytechnic outside the Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) Zaria is known to be the biggest higher institution in Nigeria. For the avoidance of doubt, the compares includes all other polytechnics, universities, colleges of education and other centre’s of higher educational pursuits in the country. It is also rated as the largest technical institution in Africa. It is a large institution in physical size and numerical strength of students and staff population and in the number of programmes it offers. It is a polytechnic built on four campuses, each campus is as big as many higher institutions in the country.

The Polytechnic is highly cosmopolitan with students from all over Nigeria and other countries. From a modest figure of 158 students in 1961, student enrolment increased to 894 by 1968. Currently, the polytechnic has over 25,000 students undertaking more than 138 programmes’ in 44 Academic Departments with staff strength of about 2,963 (Academic and Non- Academic)

The late Premier of Northern Nigeria, Sir Ahmadu Bello, Sardauna of Sokoto and Late Alhaji Isa Kaita, Wazirin Katsina, the then Minister of Education contributed immensely towards the establishment of this institution. It is significant to note that the Late Premier, Sir Ahmadu Bello opened the Staff Development Centre officially in July 1964, after the first students’ admission in 1963. He also released his Deputy Secretary, Mr. T. H. Smith, (British) to become Director of the Centre. One of the major tasks performed by the Centre in the early days of its establishment was running the three Civil Defence and Home Guard Courses for Senior Civil Servants which the Centre organized at Kachia between 1964 and 1966.

The symbol, “spider and its web”(Gizogizo), the crest for Kaduna Polytechnic was suggested during one of these courses. The symbol was designed by a local artist, Mr. Alexius Enche. The Gizogizo, which in many Nigerian and West African folklores symbolizes a hero, which by its sharpness, industry and tenacity always comes on “top”; this aptly symbolizes Kaduna Polytechnic’s desire to excel in and spread its services. The hexagonal shape of the crest symbolizes the six Northern States; the original owners of the institution.

Before the taking over on 27th August, 1991 by the Federal Government, the institution was owned and financed by the eleven northern states which were created from the defunct Northern Region. It was responsible for the general supervision and control of the institution. The Board is now known as the Governing Council.

The Rector is the Chief Executive Officer of the institution. In the performance of his duties, he is assisted by the Management Committee comprising the Deputy Rector, Registrar, Bursar, Polytechnic Librarian, the College Directors, Director of Medical and Health Services, Director of Works, Director Physical Planning, Director Centre of Technology Entrepreneurship Education and Development (CTEED), Director Kadpoly Consult, Director Special Duties and Director Strategic Planning and Data Management.

The monumental growth and achievements, physically and intellectually have proved that the institution has maintained its Spider image. The “web” has spread from Nigeria to Africa and beyond.

         1.3     Motivation

The mission of this student information management system project is to create an integrated information technology environment for students, HOD, staff, and administrators, and to have a proper and well manage student information system for computer science student.

1.4     Purpose of study

The purpose of this project is to develop a proper managed SIMS for the academic institution; the essence is to let the user, students, lecturers, admin and others to gain the information about the institution. In the recent world, it becomes necessary for the educational institution to have a manage computer based information system. The objectives can be listed below as:

1. To provide a proper registration system for students.
2. To maintain records of the student in digital form from enrollment up to the end of their study.

iii.   To update the information that is essential to transmit to the users.

1. To make the information available to the department at their desk whenever it is required, in just a click away.
2. To have a centralized control over the records of the student, departments teachers, staff, etc and monitor the changes in these records.

1.5     Methodology

The data for this research work “design and implementation of a “student information management system” will be from secondary and primary sources. The secondary data will be gotten from relevant literatures such as textbooks, journals, magazine, internet, etc and the primary source will be a web-based application and will be implemented on a relational database system (MySQL). HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), CSS (Cascading Style Sheet) and Jquery will be used to design the web-user interface, PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) will be used as the server-side script language to link the interface and the database as a whole into a single unit.

1.6     Scope of the study

The student information management System is an online application which will capture all information of students. This research work is to develop a system capable of managing all students information  such as: Manage new admission and enrolment, Manage Fees Structure, Roll number generation, Fees payment, student Basic Information, Manage faculty, Manage course, Manage semester and year, admission seat management, Exam scheduling, Result management, Subject management, Block management

1.6.1 Limitations

The research will be carried out using Kaduna Polytechnic. Some of the constraints encountered during this project design include the following:

1. Financial Constraints: The design was achieved but not without some financial involvements. One had to pay for the computer time. Also the typing and planning of the work has its own financial involvements.
2. High programming Technique: The programming aspect of this project posed a lot of difficult that took us some days to solve. Problems such as database connections using PHP and MYSQL database posed a lot of challenges.
3. Few Literature Sources: The topic though seems to be a common term; it is not a popular topic to surf from the Internet. It had fewer literature sources.

        1.7 Expected Contribution To Knowledge

1. It will enhance the way in which student record is been manage and manipulated in schools.
2. It is going to serve as source of information in the future.

iii.   It will help in the speedy extraction of student record.

1.8 Definition of Terms

Resource: – A resource is a source or supply from which benefit is produced. Typically resources are materials, energy, services, staff, knowledge, or other assets that are transformed to produce benefit and in the process may be consumed or made unavailable.

Management: – Management is the organizational process that includes strategic planning, setting; objectives, managing resources, deploying the human and financial assets needed to achieve objectives, and measuring results.

System: – A system is a collection of elements or components that are organized for a common purpose.

Design: – Design is about progress. It is the conceptualization and creation of new things: ideas, interactions, information, objects, books, posters, products, places, signs, systems, services, furniture, websites, and more.

Implementation: – Implementation is the carrying out, execution, or practice of a plan, a method, or any design, idea, model, specification, standard or policy for doing something.

Information: – At its most fundamental, information is any propagation of cause and effect within a system. Information is conveyed either as the content of a message or through direct or indirect observation of something.

Users: – A user is a person who uses a computer or network service. Entity that has authority to use an application, equipment, facility, process, or system.

PHP: – PHP (recursive acronym for PHP: Hypertext Pre-processor) is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML but is also used as a general-purpose programming language.

MYSQL: – MySQL is an open source relational database management system (RDBMS) based on Structured Query Language (SQL). MySQL is the most popular database system used with PHP. It is a database system used on the web that runs on a server and is ideal for both small and large applications as it is very fast, reliable, and easy to use.

Database: – A database is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. In one view, databases can be classified according to types of content: bibliographic, full-text, numeric, and images.

Modem:- is a hardware device that connects a computer or router to a broadband network.

Router :- is a device located at  the boundary of a network that connects to other networks, wide area network or the internet.

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